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Legacy Core Scanning

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Hyperspectral Imagery at All Scales


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Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is the process by which many (i.e., >50) narrow (e.g., 2-10 nm) samples of the electromagnetic spectrum are collected. With so many samples collected a representative spectrum is gathered. These data can be either collected over reflected (400-3300 nm) or emitted (>3300 nm) light, or both. The result of collecting all these inidividual spectra is a cube which can be visualized as in Figure 1.

Figure 1 - Hyperspectral Data Cube

Reflected light is light that originates externally and impinges upon material's surface. This light is absorbed, transmitted, or reflected back. Since most light penetration is restricted to a few microns, reflected light contains information about the interactions of incoming photons with the surface material. Longer thermal infrared wavelengths (> 3300 nm) are dominated by emitted light. These are thermal photons emitted by materials with a temperature above absolute zero.

The wavelength of the light dictates the resolution capabilities of the measured light. Shorter wavelengths (< 1000 nm) interact with an atom's electron cloud and absorbance features produced by this interaction are strongly dominated by intravalence charge transfer (IVCT). There are a number of diagnostic absorption features between 2000-2500 nm. Many of these are combinations and overtones from primary absorption features at wavelengths > 3300 nm. Thermal wavelengths (> 3300 nm) measure molecular bond properties, specifically bending, twisting, and stretching of molecules.


Rare Earth Elements Under the Microscope

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Rare Earth Elements in Hand-Sample

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Rare Earth Elements from Airborne Sensors

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Rare Earth Elements from Space

Mtn. Pass, California

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Rare Earth Elements from Space

Bayan Obo, China

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